本指南说明如何使用 Code Interpreter API 执行带有丰富输出的 Python 和 JavaScript 代码。
对简单、直接的代码执行使用 Code Interpreter API,只需最少配置:
- 快速执行代码 - 无需环境配置即可运行 Python/JS 代码
- 丰富输出 - 自动获取图表、表格、图像、HTML
- AI 生成的代码 - 执行 LLM 生成的代码并获得结构化结果
- 持久状态 - 同一上下文中的变量在多次执行之间保留
对高级或自定义工作流使用 exec():
- 系统操作 - 安装软件包、管理文件、运行构建
- 自定义环境 - 配置特定版本和依赖
- Shell 命令 - Git 操作、系统工具、复杂流水线
- 长时间运行的进程 - 后台服务、服务器
代码上下文会在多次执行之间保持状态:
import { getSandbox } from "@cloudflare/sandbox";
const sandbox = getSandbox(env.Sandbox, "my-sandbox");
// Create a Python context
const pythonContext = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: "python",
});
console.log("Context ID:", pythonContext.id);
console.log("Language:", pythonContext.language);
// Create a JavaScript context
const jsContext = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: "javascript",
});import { getSandbox } from '@cloudflare/sandbox';
const sandbox = getSandbox(env.Sandbox, 'my-sandbox');
// Create a Python context
const pythonContext = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: 'python'
});
console.log('Context ID:', pythonContext.id);
console.log('Language:', pythonContext.language);
// Create a JavaScript context
const jsContext = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: 'javascript'
});// Create context
const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: "python",
});
// Execute code
const result = await sandbox.runCode(
`
print("Hello from Code Interpreter!")
result = 2 + 2
print(f"2 + 2 = {result}")
`,
{ context: context.id },
);
console.log("Output:", result.output);
console.log("Success:", result.success);// Create context
const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: 'python'
});
// Execute code
const result = await sandbox.runCode(`
print("Hello from Code Interpreter!")
result = 2 + 2
print(f"2 + 2 = {result}")
`, { context: context.id });
console.log('Output:', result.output);
console.log('Success:', result.success);只要 container 保持活动,同一上下文中的变量和导入在多次执行之间仍然可用:
const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: "python",
});
// First execution - import and define variables
await sandbox.runCode(
`
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print("Data initialized")
`,
{ context: context.id },
);
// Second execution - use previously defined variables
const result = await sandbox.runCode(
`
mean = np.mean(data)
print(f"Mean: {mean}")
`,
{ context: context.id },
);
console.log(result.output); // "Mean: 3.0"const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: 'python'
});
// First execution - import and define variables
await sandbox.runCode(`
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
print("Data initialized")
`, { context: context.id });
// Second execution - use previously defined variables
const result = await sandbox.runCode(`
mean = np.mean(data)
print(f"Mean: {mean}")
`, { context: context.id });
console.log(result.output); // "Mean: 3.0"代码解释器会返回多种输出格式:
const result = await sandbox.runCode(
`
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 9])
plt.title('Simple Chart')
plt.show()
`,
{ context: context.id },
);
// Check available formats
console.log("Formats:", result.formats); // ['text', 'png']
// Access outputs
if (result.outputs.png) {
// Return as image
return new Response(atob(result.outputs.png), {
headers: { "Content-Type": "image/png" },
});
}
if (result.outputs.html) {
// Return as HTML (pandas DataFrames)
return new Response(result.outputs.html, {
headers: { "Content-Type": "text/html" },
});
}
if (result.outputs.json) {
// Return as JSON
return Response.json(result.outputs.json);
}const result = await sandbox.runCode(`
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.plot([1, 2, 3], [1, 4, 9])
plt.title('Simple Chart')
plt.show()
`, { context: context.id });
// Check available formats
console.log('Formats:', result.formats); // ['text', 'png']
// Access outputs
if (result.outputs.png) {
// Return as image
return new Response(atob(result.outputs.png), {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'image/png' }
});
}
if (result.outputs.html) {
// Return as HTML (pandas DataFrames)
return new Response(result.outputs.html, {
headers: { 'Content-Type': 'text/html' }
});
}
if (result.outputs.json) {
// Return as JSON
return Response.json(result.outputs.json);
}对于长时间运行的代码,可实时流式输出:
const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: "python",
});
const result = await sandbox.runCode(
`
import time
for i in range(10):
print(f"Processing item {i+1}/10...")
time.sleep(0.5)
print("Done!")
`,
{
context: context.id,
stream: true,
onOutput: (data) => {
console.log("Output:", data);
},
onResult: (result) => {
console.log("Result:", result);
},
onError: (error) => {
console.error("Error:", error);
},
},
);const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({
language: 'python'
});
const result = await sandbox.runCode(
`
import time
for i in range(10):
print(f"Processing item {i+1}/10...")
time.sleep(0.5)
print("Done!")
`,
{
context: context.id,
stream: true,
onOutput: (data) => {
console.log('Output:', data);
},
onResult: (result) => {
console.log('Result:', result);
},
onError: (error) => {
console.error('Error:', error);
}
}
);在沙箱中安全运行 LLM 生成的代码:
// 1. Generate code with Claude
const response = await fetch("https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages", {
method: "POST",
headers: {
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"x-api-key": env.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY,
"anthropic-version": "2023-06-01",
},
body: JSON.stringify({
model: "claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022",
max_tokens: 1024,
messages: [
{
role: "user",
content: "Write Python code to calculate fibonacci sequence up to 100",
},
],
}),
});
const { content } = await response.json();
const code = content[0].text;
// 2. Execute in sandbox
const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({ language: "python" });
const result = await sandbox.runCode(code, { context: context.id });
console.log("Generated code:", code);
console.log("Output:", result.output);
console.log("Success:", result.success);// 1. Generate code with Claude
const response = await fetch('https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages', {
method: 'POST',
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'x-api-key': env.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY,
'anthropic-version': '2023-06-01'
},
body: JSON.stringify({
model: 'claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022',
max_tokens: 1024,
messages: [{
role: 'user',
content: 'Write Python code to calculate fibonacci sequence up to 100'
}]
})
});
const { content } = await response.json();
const code = content[0].text;
// 2. Execute in sandbox
const context = await sandbox.createCodeContext({ language: 'python' });
const result = await sandbox.runCode(code, { context: context.id });
console.log('Generated code:', code);
console.log('Output:', result.output);
console.log('Success:', result.success);const contexts = await sandbox.listCodeContexts();
console.log(`${contexts.length} active contexts:`);
for (const ctx of contexts) {
console.log(` ${ctx.id} (${ctx.language})`);
}const contexts = await sandbox.listCodeContexts();
console.log(`${contexts.length} active contexts:`);
for (const ctx of contexts) {
console.log(` ${ctx.id} (${ctx.language})`);
}// Delete specific context
await sandbox.deleteCodeContext(context.id);
console.log("Context deleted");
// Clean up all contexts
const contexts = await sandbox.listCodeContexts();
for (const ctx of contexts) {
await sandbox.deleteCodeContext(ctx.id);
}
console.log("All contexts deleted");// Delete specific context
await sandbox.deleteCodeContext(context.id);
console.log('Context deleted');
// Clean up all contexts
const contexts = await sandbox.listCodeContexts();
for (const ctx of contexts) {
await sandbox.deleteCodeContext(ctx.id);
}
console.log('All contexts deleted');- 清理上下文 - 完成后删除上下文以释放资源
- 处理错误 - 始终检查
result.success和result.error - 长时间操作使用流式输出 - 对耗时超过 2 秒的代码使用流式输出
- 校验 AI 代码 - 执行前审查生成的代码
- Code Interpreter API 参考 - 完整 API 文档
- AI 代码执行器教程 - 构建完整的 AI 执行器
- 执行命令指南 - 更底层的命令执行