通过 API 配置已泄露凭据检查。
使用 Rulesets API 配置已泄露凭据检查。您可以执行以下操作:
如果您使用 Terraform,请参阅 使用 Terraform 配置已泄露凭据检查。
您可以使用 Rulesets API 创建检查已泄露凭据的规则。将这些规则包含在自定义规则集中(必须在账户级别创建),然后将自定义规则集部署到某个阶段。
当规则表达式和已泄露凭据检查结果均为真时,检查已泄露凭据的规则会发生匹配。
要在自定义规则中检查已泄露凭据,请在规则定义中包含 exposed_credential_check 对象。此对象必须具有以下属性:
username_expression— 选择用于凭据检查的用户 ID 的表达式。此属性最多可有 1024 个字符。password_expression— 选择用于凭据检查的密码的表达式。此属性最多可有 1024 个字符。
您可以在具有以下操作之一的规则中使用 exposed_credential_check 对象:rewrite、log、block、js_challenge(非交互式质询)或 challenge(交互式质询)。Cloudflare 建议仅将已泄露凭据检查与以下操作一起使用:rewrite 和 log。
要创建和部署自定义规则集,请按照 使用自定义规则集 中描述的工作流操作。
此 POST 请求示例创建了一个包含检查已泄露凭据规则的新自定义规则集。当规则表达式和 exposed_credential_check 结果均为 true 时,规则会匹配。匹配时,规则会将包含已泄露凭据的请求记录到 Cloudflare 日志中。
Required API token permissions
At least one of the following token permissions is required:Account WAF WriteAccount Rulesets Write
curl "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/$ACCOUNT_ID/rulesets" \
--request POST \
--header "Authorization: Bearer $CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" \
--json '{
"name": "Custom Ruleset A",
"kind": "custom",
"description": "This ruleset includes a rule checking for exposed credentials.",
"rules": [
{
"action": "log",
"description": "Exposed credentials check on login.php page",
"expression": "http.request.method == \"POST\" && http.request.uri == \"/login.php\"",
"exposed_credential_check": {
"username_expression": "url_decode(http.request.body.form[\"username\"][0])",
"password_expression": "url_decode(http.request.body.form[\"password\"][0])"
}
}
],
"phase": "http_request_firewall_custom"
}'响应返回已创建的规则集。请注意规则定义中存在 exposed_credential_check 对象。
{
"result": {
"id": "<CUSTOM_RULESET_ID>",
"name": "Custom Ruleset A",
"description": "This ruleset includes a rule checking for exposed credentials.",
"kind": "custom",
"version": "1",
"rules": [
{
"id": "<CUSTOM_RULE_ID>",
"version": "1",
"action": "log",
"description": "Exposed credentials check on login.php page",
"expression": "http.request.method == \"POST\" && http.request.uri == \"/login.php\"",
"exposed_credential_check": {
"username_expression": "url_decode(http.request.body.form[\"username\"][0])",
"password_expression": "url_decode(http.request.body.form[\"password\"][0])"
},
"last_updated": "2021-03-19T10:48:04.057775Z",
"ref": "<CUSTOM_RULE_REF>",
"enabled": true
}
],
"last_updated": "2021-03-19T10:48:04.057775Z",
"phase": "http_request_firewall_custom"
},
"success": true,
"errors": [],
"messages": []
}此示例使用 url_decode() 函数,因为当内容类型为 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 时,请求正文中的字段(可在 http.request.body.form 中获取)是 URL 编码的。
创建自定义规则集后,将其部署到某个阶段以便执行。部署自定义规则集需要规则集 ID。更多信息请参阅 部署自定义规则集。
此 POST 请求示例创建了一个包含检查 JSON 响应中已泄露凭据规则的新自定义规则集。当规则表达式和 exposed_credential_check 结果均为 true 时,规则会匹配。匹配时,规则会向请求添加值为 1 的 Exposed-Credential-Check HTTP 标头。
Required API token permissions
At least one of the following token permissions is required:Account WAF WriteAccount Rulesets Write
curl "https://api.cloudflare.com/client/v4/accounts/$ACCOUNT_ID/rulesets" \
--request POST \
--header "Authorization: Bearer $CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN" \
--json '{
"name": "Custom Ruleset B",
"kind": "custom",
"description": "This ruleset includes a rule checking for exposed credentials.",
"rules": [
{
"action": "rewrite",
"action_parameters": {
"headers": {
"Exposed-Credential-Check": {
"operation": "set",
"value": "1"
}
}
},
"description": "Exposed credentials check on login endpoint with JSON body",
"expression": "http.request.method == \"POST\" && http.request.uri == \"/login.php\" && any(http.request.headers[\"content-type\"][*] == \"application/json\")",
"exposed_credential_check": {
"username_expression": "lookup_json_string(http.request.body.raw, \"username\")",
"password_expression": "lookup_json_string(http.request.body.raw, \"password\")"
}
}
],
"phase": "http_request_firewall_custom"
}'响应返回已创建的规则集。请注意规则定义中存在以下元素:
rewrite操作。- 配置添加到含有已泄露凭据的请求的 HTTP 标头的
action_parameters对象。 exposed_credential_check对象。
{
"result": {
"id": "<CUSTOM_RULESET_ID>",
"name": "Custom Ruleset B",
"description": "This ruleset includes a rule checking for exposed credentials.",
"kind": "custom",
"version": "1",
"rules": [
{
"id": "<CUSTOM_RULE_ID>",
"version": "1",
"action": "rewrite",
"action_parameters": {
"headers": {
"Exposed-Credential-Check": {
"operation": "set",
"value": "1"
}
}
},
"description": "Exposed credentials check on login endpoint with JSON body",
"expression": "http.request.method == \"POST\" && http.request.uri == \"/login.php\" && any(http.request.headers[\"content-type\"][*] == \"application/json\")",
"exposed_credential_check": {
"username_expression": "lookup_json_string(http.request.body.raw, \"username\")",
"password_expression": "lookup_json_string(http.request.body.raw, \"password\")"
},
"last_updated": "2022-03-19T12:48:04.057775Z",
"ref": "<CUSTOM_RULE_REF>",
"enabled": true
}
],
"last_updated": "2022-03-19T12:48:04.057775Z",
"phase": "http_request_firewall_custom"
},
"success": true,
"errors": [],
"messages": []
}创建自定义规则集后,将其部署到某个阶段以便执行。部署自定义规则集需要规则集 ID。更多信息请参阅 部署自定义规则集。